Bilateral upper-limb palsy of the newborn infant: Taxonomy, differential diagnosis, and clinical pathways

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17 Oct 2026 0 comments

Bilateral reduction or absence of upper-limb movement in a newborn infant is a rare but critical presentation that cannot be anchored on the unilateral paradigm of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI). Bilaterality substantially widens the differential to include cervical spinal cord injury, neuromuscular disorders, and non-neurological movement limitation; thus, default attribution to bilateral BPBI risks missing a serious central pathology. No standardized terminology or investigation framework...