Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy
An axonal variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome affecting motor and sensory nerves.
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Disease & Disorder Index
An alphabetical guide to conditions mentioned on FND Nope. Browse a subject and follow the related posts.
98 conditions
A
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
A progressive motor neuron disease causing weakness and muscle wasting.
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Ataxia
A neurological syndrome involving impaired coordination of voluntary movements.
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Autism spectrum disorder
A neurodevelopmental condition involving differences in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviours.
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Autoimmune basal ganglia encephalitis
Immune-mediated inflammation affecting brain regions involved in movement and behaviour.
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Autoimmune encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain caused by an immune response, sometimes producing seizures, movement changes and psychiatric symptoms.
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B
Babesiosis
A tick-borne infection caused by Babesia parasites that infect red blood cells.
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Bladder cancer
Cancer arising in the urinary bladder, most commonly from its urothelial lining.
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Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)
An inflammatory disease of small and medium-sized blood vessels, particularly in the limbs, that can restrict blood flow and cause pain, ulcers and gangrene.
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C
Catamenial epilepsy
A pattern of epileptic seizures that vary in frequency with phases of the menstrual cycle.
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Cerebral venous thrombosis
A blood clot in veins draining the brain that can cause headache, seizures and stroke.
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Cerebrospinal fluid leak
Escape of cerebrospinal fluid through a defect in membranes surrounding the brain or spinal cord.
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Cervical myelopathy
Spinal cord dysfunction caused by compression or other damage in the cervical spine.
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Cervical spinal instability
Abnormal excessive movement between cervical vertebrae that can affect neural structures.
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Cervical spinal stenosis
Narrowing of the spinal canal in the neck that may compress the spinal cord or nerve roots.
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Cervical spondylosis
Degenerative changes affecting discs and joints of the cervical spine.
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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Inherited peripheral nerve disorders causing progressive weakness and sensory loss.
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Chronic migraine
A migraine disorder with headache on at least 15 days per month, including migraine features on at least eight days, for more than three months.
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Clinically isolated syndrome
A first episode of neurological symptoms suggestive of inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system, which may or may not progress to multiple sclerosis.
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Corticobasal syndrome
A progressive neurological syndrome that can involve apraxia, rigidity and asymmetric movement problems.
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Craniocervical instability
Excessive movement or inadequate support at the junction of the skull and upper cervical spine.
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
A rapidly progressive prion disease affecting the brain.
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D
Dental abscess
A localised collection of pus caused by infection in or around a tooth.
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Dermatomyositis
An inflammatory disease affecting muscles and skin, often involving muscle weakness and characteristic rashes.
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Diabetes mellitus
A group of metabolic disorders characterised by chronically elevated blood glucose, caused by insufficient insulin production, reduced insulin effectiveness or both.
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Diverticulitis
Inflammation of colonic diverticula, sometimes causing abdominal pain, fever and bowel changes.
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Dropsy (oedema)
A historical term for abnormal fluid accumulation and swelling in body tissues. Once treated as a disease in itself, dropsy is now understood as a clinical manifestation that can arise from various underlying conditions.
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Dysautonomia
An umbrella term for disorders involving dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system.
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Dystonia
A movement disorder causing involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures or movements.
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DYT-TOR1A dystonia
An inherited movement disorder associated with TOR1A variants causing sustained or twisting muscle contractions.
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E
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes
Inherited connective tissue disorders often involving joint hypermobility and tissue fragility.
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Endometriosis
A condition in which tissue resembling the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.
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Epilepsy
A neurological disorder characterised by an enduring predisposition to unprovoked epileptic seizures.
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F
Factitious disorder
A mental health diagnosis involving deliberate falsification or induction of symptoms without obvious external rewards.
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Fibromyalgia
A chronic condition characterised by widespread pain, fatigue and other symptoms.
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FLVCR1-related disorders
Rare inherited conditions associated with FLVCR1 gene variants affecting the retina and sometimes nervous system.
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Foreign accent syndrome
A rare speech disorder in which changes in pronunciation, rhythm and intonation cause a person's speech to be perceived as having a different accent. It can occur after neurological injury or alongside other neurological or speech disturbances.
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Frontotemporal dementia
A group of neurodegenerative disorders primarily affecting the frontal and temporal lobes, causing progressive changes in behaviour, language or movement.
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Functional cognitive disorder
A clinical diagnosis involving cognitive complaints attributed to altered cognitive functioning rather than an established neurodegenerative process.
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G
Gastroparesis
Delayed gastric emptying without mechanical obstruction, potentially causing nausea, vomiting and early satiety.
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Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome
A rare inherited prion disease causing progressive neurological deterioration.
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H
Havana syndrome (anomalous health incidents)
An umbrella term for reported episodes of unexplained neurological and sensory symptoms among diplomatic, intelligence and other personnel. It does not establish a single disease or a confirmed underlying cause.
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Hemifacial spasm
Involuntary contractions of muscles on one side of the face, commonly associated with facial nerve irritation.
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Hemiplegic migraine
A rare migraine subtype involving temporary motor weakness as part of the aura.
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Hepatic encephalopathy
Brain dysfunction associated with liver failure or portosystemic shunting, causing changes in cognition and consciousness.
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Huntington's disease
An inherited progressive neurological disorder affecting movement, cognition and behaviour.
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Hypoglycaemia
Abnormally low blood glucose that can cause confusion, abnormal movements and seizures.
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I
Infectious mononucleosis
An illness commonly caused by Epstein–Barr virus, often involving fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes and fatigue.
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Insulinoma
A pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour that produces insulin and can cause recurrent hypoglycaemia.
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Irritable bowel syndrome
A disorder of gut-brain interaction involving recurrent abdominal pain associated with changes in bowel habits.
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L
Long COVID
Persistent or new symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Lyme disease
An infection caused by Borrelia bacteria transmitted through infected tick bites.
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Lymphoma
A group of cancers arising from lymphocytes, cells of the immune system.
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M
Major depressive disorder
A mood disorder involving persistent depressed mood or loss of interest alongside other symptoms that affect daily functioning.
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Mast cell activation syndrome
A disorder involving recurrent episodes of mast-cell mediator release that can produce symptoms affecting multiple organ systems.
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Median arcuate ligament syndrome
A condition involving compression of the coeliac artery and sometimes adjacent nerves by the median arcuate ligament.
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Meige syndrome
A movement disorder involving involuntary contractions around the eyes and lower face.
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Mixed connective tissue disease
An autoimmune condition with overlapping features of several systemic connective tissue diseases.
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Multiple sclerosis
An immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system involving inflammatory demyelination.
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Multiple system atrophy
A progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement and autonomic functions.
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Multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome
A rare genetic disorder associated with ACTA2 variants affecting smooth muscle in blood vessels and other organs.
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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
A chronic illness characterised by post-exertional malaise, substantial functional impairment and unrefreshing sleep.
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Myasthenia gravis
An autoimmune neuromuscular junction disorder causing fluctuating, fatigable muscle weakness.
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Ménière's disease
An inner-ear disorder associated with episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitus.
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N
Nephrolithiasis
Kidney stones formed from crystallised substances in the urinary tract.
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Neuroborreliosis
Neurological involvement from infection with Borrelia bacteria, including Lyme neuroborreliosis.
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Neurosarcoidosis
Inflammation of the nervous system caused by sarcoidosis.
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O
Optic neuritis
Inflammation of the optic nerve, which may cause visual loss and eye pain.
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Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Cancer arising from squamous cells lining the mouth, including the tongue.
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Oromandibular dystonia
Involuntary muscle contractions affecting the jaw, tongue or lower face.
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Osteoarthritis
A joint disorder involving cartilage and other joint tissue changes, often causing pain and stiffness.
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P
Parkinson's disease
A progressive neurological disorder affecting movement, often causing slowness, stiffness and tremor.
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Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia
Brief attacks of involuntary movements often triggered by sudden voluntary movement.
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Pelvic floor dysfunction
Impaired coordination or function of pelvic floor muscles that can affect bowel, bladder or pelvic function.
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Pernicious anaemia
Vitamin B12 deficiency caused by impaired absorption, often due to autoimmune loss of intrinsic factor.
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Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness
A chronic vestibular disorder involving persistent non-spinning dizziness or unsteadiness, often worsened by upright posture, movement or complex visual stimuli.
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Post-traumatic stress disorder
A mental health condition that may develop after exposure to traumatic events, involving intrusive memories, avoidance and changes in arousal or mood.
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Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
A form of orthostatic intolerance involving an excessive increase in heart rate upon standing.
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Progressive supranuclear palsy
A progressive neurodegenerative condition affecting balance, eye movements and mobility.
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Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Seizure-like episodes without the abnormal electrical brain activity of epileptic seizures.
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R
Radiologically isolated syndrome
MRI findings suggestive of central nervous system demyelination in a person without typical clinical symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
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S
Schizoaffective disorder
A psychiatric condition involving symptoms of psychosis alongside significant mood episodes.
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SCN9A-related disorders
Conditions associated with variants in the SCN9A sodium-channel gene, which can affect pain sensation and nervous system function.
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Serotonin reuptake inhibitor discontinuation syndrome
Symptoms arising after reduction or cessation of serotonin reuptake inhibitor medication, including dizziness and sensory disturbances.
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Sjögren's disease
An autoimmune disease often affecting tear and saliva glands and sometimes nerves.
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Small fibre neuropathy
Damage to small sensory or autonomic nerve fibres.
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Sneddon's syndrome
A rare disorder associated with livedo racemosa and cerebrovascular disease, including strokes.
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Stiff-person syndrome
A rare neurological disorder involving progressive stiffness and painful muscle spasms.
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Stroke
Sudden brain injury caused by interrupted blood supply or bleeding in the brain.
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Subacute combined degeneration
Spinal cord damage often associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, affecting posterior and lateral columns.
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Syncope
Transient loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain, usually followed by spontaneous recovery.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus
A systemic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs including the nervous system.
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T
Tethered cord syndrome
A condition in which abnormal fixation of the spinal cord causes stretching and neurological symptoms.
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Traumatic brain injury
Brain dysfunction or injury caused by an external force to the head.
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Type 1 diabetes
An autoimmune disease involving destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells and requiring insulin treatment.
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V
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Insufficient vitamin B12, which can cause anaemia and neurological injury including neuropathy and spinal cord dysfunction.
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W
Whooping cough
A contagious respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis, characterised by prolonged coughing episodes.
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Wilson disease
An inherited disorder of copper metabolism affecting the liver, brain and other organs.
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