Cerebrospinal fluid shunting and venous sinus stenting in sight-threatening idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a practical review of current evidence

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21 Oct 2026 0 comments

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterised by raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of secondary causes and predominantly affects women of reproductive age who are overweight or obese.1 As global obesity rates continue to rise, the prevalence of IIH has similarly increased. A UK study found that the incidence of IIH has risen from 1.84 to 5.18 per 100 000 in the general population between 2002 and 2019.2 IIH is also increasingly recognised as a systemic neurometabolic disorder with a wide range of manifestations outside the neuro-ophthalmic axis.3 4 IIH has been noted to be associated with insulin resistance, adipose tissue dysfunction, hyperlipidaemia and hyperandrogenism.5–8 Studies also found that patients with IIH have a higher risk of cardiovascular6 and cerebrovascular diseases7 compared with weight-matched controls, with evidence...