Astaxanthin alleviates Parkinson's disease via dual regulation of tryptophan metabolism: central STAT3/IDO1 inhibition and gut microbiota remodeling

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24 Oct 2026 0 comments

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with limited disease-modifying treatments. Dysregulation of tryptophan metabolism via the gut-brain axis has emerged as a key pathogenic mechanism. Astaxanthin (AX), a dietary ketocarotenoid abundant in Haematococcus pluvialis and marine organisms, possesses potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, it remains unclear whether AX exerts neuroprotection in PD through specific modulation of tryptophan...