Christoff Truter
Public profile
3 posts
38 comments
2 discussions
05 Aug 2026
Software developer, amateur astronomer, reluctant backyard neurologist by necessity while helping my wife navigate a complex neurological illness, creator of FND Nope (fndnope.org) a resource challenging the Functional Neurological Disorder diagnosis, sharing patient stories, and advocating for better investigation of underlying causes, and professional Trekkie.
Posts
3Rule-In Signs
Posts examining the positive signs, diagnostic criteria, and clinical features used to support a diagnosis of Functional Neurological Disorder, including their strengths, limitations, and interpretation.
The Common Phenotypes Hypothesis
1 month ago
An exploration of FND, positive rule-in signs, comorbidity, predictive processing, diagnostic closure, and whether functional symptoms may reflect common phenotypes arising from multiple underlying conditions.
Fatigable Weakness vs Functional Weakness: Why Hoover’s Sign Can Mislead When Isokinetic Testing Shows Otherwise
4 months ago
Examines Hoover's sign in a patient with true fatigable weakness. Highlights how objective isokinetic testing better captures performance deficits than traditional clinical signs, preventing misinterpretation as functional weakness.
When Diagnosis Becomes Doctrine: Questioning FND and Clinical Authority
4 months ago
When I started this website in July 2025, I received a lot of pushback from FND proponents. Some felt that the website was highly offensive and disrespectful, and urged me to please take the website down, which I obviously did not do.
Comments
38I doubt that anyone would have been held accountable. There is a great deal of diagnostic shielding and protection for clinicians. For example, labelling something as comorbid with another condition can easily and quickly become a defence, effectively a get out of jail free card.
Thank you for taking the time to leave comments and for sharing the link to the TED talk. I will have a look at it.
I believe it is quite dangerous to treat a functional disorder as a primary diagnosis. It is far safer to treat unknowns as unknowns and to view these symptoms as a trigger or reflex of an underlying condition. By doing so, we keep diagnostic doors open. I also find it absurd that some proponents believe organic misdiagnosis and functional misdiagnosis are equally dangerous.
Treating FND as a primary diagnosis gives both the patient and the doctor a false sense of security. It is like a metaphorical monster living under your bed. If you refuse to acknowledge its existence, sooner or later you risk becoming its meal.
Your reaction to l-dopa is interesting, that might be indicative (like you mentioned) of YOPD, wrote about it over here as well
Using medication as a diagnostic tool
I’m so sorry to hear that.
Did your neurologist(s) reach a diagnostic impasse, or did they jump straight to that diagnosis?
Are they planning to monitor the situation?
Did they discuss a way forward? I know that, generally at this stage, they involve other specialties.
Sorry for all the questions, I’m just trying to take in as much information as I can.
What we try to do at this point is keep a symptom diary, which we share with our neurologist from time to time. It is prudent to monitor the situation rather than blindly assign all symptoms to one label. Especially with an FND diagnosis, you often find yourself on the fringes of neurology; regardless of what neurologists believe, it is always good practice to keep questioning and keep diagnostic doors open. Doctors are only human, prone to bias and often boxed in by what they were taught. And this is your health — you don’t want to play around with it.
E.g. in the context of my wife, her hair started falling out, not something that can be attributed to functional causes, and there is clear mechanical reproducible causes - so we literally build a case that warrants further investigation.
Thank you, I was not anticipating all the negative feedback I received online from the FND community, but it was illuminating to see how easily something can become a holy cow.
FND is nothing more than a philosophical framework for approaching treatment when the cause of symptoms is unknown — so while it may be well-intentioned, that’s all it really is.
However, the road to hell is paved with good intentions, and this is a clear example of that. When we reach an impasse like this, we cannot simply give it a name and declare victory in diagnosis. We need to be honest and transparent, and acknowledge the unknown as exactly that — unknown.
For example, in my wife’s case, we cannot expect a psychiatrist to do the work of a neurosurgeon when it comes to her cervical stenosis and symptoms that are clearly mechanically driven. That’s simply lazy medicine.
Meanwhile, she continues to grow sicker while we’re forced to navigate the egos of one doctor after another.
Hi Romina,
Thank you for taking the time to leave such a thoughtful comment and for suggesting additional avenues of investigation.
My wife has a family history of liver cancer (and cancer in general), so her liver has always been an area of concern that we’re monitoring closely. Given that background, she may indeed be more susceptible than the general population. We relocated to a larger city with proper water treatment when she first became ill, so environmental factors like that should no longer be an issue.
Regarding shingles — interestingly, I’m the one who had shingles. However, at the time, her doctors decided to give her the shingles vaccine as a precaution. That likely explains the elevated varicella counts you noticed.
Her facial asymmetry is also quite unusual. It’s mechanically reproducible — for example, when she moves her arms in circles, the corner of her mouth and the same side of her face distort. This might relate to her cervical spine, though it has gradually worsened over the past 20 years or so.
We also explored myasthenia gravis as a possible cause, but that line of investigation ultimately led to a dead end.
At this stage, I suspect we might be dealing with dynamic cord compression. Many of her symptoms can be triggered through specific mechanical movements, so her fatigue may be linked to inflammation that builds up progressively throughout the day.
Hi Mel
Thank you very much for taking the time to provide fantastic feedback!
I've come across David Tuller's website, and he is doing amazing work around exposing the insanity surrounding illnesses that are actually medically unexplained at the moment of diagnosis, but treated as a concrete diagnosis
I am not sure if doctors are even aware of the philosophical reasoning behind the FND diagnosis (https://www.bmj.com/content/325/7378/1449).
Perhaps a 5 monkey experiment situation?
There is humility and honesty in declaring that "we don't know", instead of slapping functional labels on something that just needs deeper investigation and a sober eye.
Like in your case, the answers might not even be neurological, but something that presents neurological, e.g. a CNS reflex that is being framed as something it is not.
As for Lyme disease, that is something that we looked into as well. When her symptoms initially presented, we suspected some kind of parasitic involvement - at the time we lived in a very small town in the Western Cape, without a proper water treatment plant, which initially presented as gastrointestinal symptoms, that escalated to a neurological presentation.
The facial asymmetry is one of the stranger aspects of her illness. For example, it was observed that moving her arms in a certain way for about a minute pulls the lower right side of her mouth askew - clearly mechanical and reproducible on demand, with no variability at all.
Regards
Christoff
Discussions started
2You can literally go onto https://fndconnect.org.uk/shop/product/fnd-connect-i-have-seizures-lanyard-and-card
And for £ 4.99 you can buy yourself a lanyard to inform bystanders to effectively discourage appropriate emergency care.
Someone may assume every episode is "just another functional seizure." But seizures can change, suffer a head injury, have a stroke,
low blood sugar, cardiac syncope, or another medical emergency.
3 replies
Looking back, was there a symptom(s) that should have prompted doctors to investigate further before diagnosis FND?